Originator
Identification Information
1
U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Geography Division
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Publication Date
Identification Information
1
1996
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Title
Identification Information
1
TIGER/Line Files, 1995
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Edition
Identification Information
1
1996
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Series Name
Identification Information
1
TIGER/Line Census Files
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Issue Identification
Identification Information
1
Version (0024)
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Publisher
Identification Information
1
U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Geography Division
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Publication Place
Identification Information
1
Washington, DC
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Abstract
Identification Information
1
TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are trademarks of the Bureau of the Census. The 1995 TIGER/Line files are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the Census TIGER data base. The geographic coverage for a single TIGER/Line file is a county or statistical equivalent entity, with the coverage area based on January 1, 1995 legal boundaries. A complete set of 1995 TIGER/Line files includes all counties and statistically equivalent entities i the United States, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marian Islands, U.S. Minor Outlying Areas, and the Pacific Island Territories. The Census TIGER data base represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts. However, each county-based TIGER/Line file is designed to stand alone as an independent data set or the files can be combined to cover the whole Nation and its territories. The 1995 TIGER/Line files consist of line segments representing physical features and governmental and statistical boundaries. The files contain information distributed over a series of record types for the spatial objects of a county. There are 17 record types, including the basic data record, the shape coordinate points, and geographic codes that can be used with appropriate software to prepare maps. Other geographic information contained in the files includes attributes such as feature identifiers/census feature class codes (CFCC) used to differentiate feature types, address ranges and ZIP Codes, codes for legal and statistical entities, latitude/longitude coordinates of linear and point features, landmark point features, area landmarks, key geographic features, and area boundaries. The 1995 TIGER/Line data dictionary contains a complete list of all the fields in the 17 record types.
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Purpose
Identification Information
1
In order for others to use the information in the Census TIGER data base in a geographic information system (GIS) or for other geographic applications, the Census Bureau releases to the public extracts of the data base in the form of TIGER/Line files. Various versions of the TIGER/Line files have been released; previous versions include the 1990 Census TIGER/Line files (version 0003), the 1992 TIGER/Line files (version 0005), and the 1994 TIGER/Line files (version 0021). The 1995 (version 0024) TIGER/Line files were originally produced to support Phase I of the Census 2000 Redistricting Data Program.
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Currentness Reference
Identification Information
1
1995
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Progress
Identification Information
1
Complete
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Access Constraints
Identification Information
1
None
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Use Constraints
Identification Information
1
None. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Bureau of the Census would be appreciated for products derived from these files. TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are trademarks of the Bureau of the Census.
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Data Set Credit
Identification Information
1
U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Geography Division
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Native Data Set Environment
Identification Information
1
TIGER/Line files are created and processed in a VAX/VMS environment. The environment consist of a VAX 7630 clustered with a VAX 6610 running OpenVMS version 5.2-2 used for production operations. The Census TIGER system is driven by DEC Command Language (DCL) procedures which invoke C software routines to extract selected geographic and cartographic information (TIGER/Line files) from the operational Census TIGER data base.
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West Bounding Coordinate
Identification Information
1
-124.848974
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East Bounding Coordinate
Identification Information
1
-66.885075
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North Bounding Coordinate
Identification Information
1
49.384363
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South Bounding Coordinate
Identification Information
1
24.395877
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Logical Consistency Report
Identification Information
1
The feature network of lines (as represented by Record Types 1 and 2) is complete for census purposes. Spatial objects in TIGER/Line belong to the "Geometry and Topology"(GT) class of objects in the "Spatial Data Transfer Standard" (SDTS) FIPS Publication 173 and are topologically valid. Node/geometry and topology (GT)-polygon/chain relationships are collected or generated to satisfy topological edit requirements. These requirements include: * Complete chains must begin and end at nodes. * Complete chains must connect to each other at nodes. * Complete chains do not extend through nodes. * Left and right GT-polygons are defined for each complete chain element and are consistent throughout the extract process. * The chains representing the limits of the file are free of gaps. The Census Bureau performed automated tests to ensure logical consistency and limits of files. All polygons are tested for closure. Some polygons in the TIGER/Line files may be so small that the polygon internal point has been manually placed on a node that defines the polygon perimeter. These small polygons have been detected, and corrections will be incorporated in the Census TIGER data base in the future. The Census Bureau uses its internally developed Geographic Update System to enhance and modify spatial and attribute data in the Census TIGER data base. Standard geographic codes, such as FIPS codes for states, counties, municipalities, and places, are used when encoding spatial entities. The Census Bureau performed spatial data tests for logical consistency of the codes during the compilation of the original Census TIGER data base files. Most of the codes themselves were provided to the Census Bureau by the USGS, the agency responsible for maintaining FIPS 55. Feature attribute information has been examined but has not been fully tested for consistency.
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Completeness Report
Identification Information
1
Data completeness of the TIGER/Line files reflects the contents of the Census TIGER data base at the time the TIGER/Line files (1995 version) were created.
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Calendar Date
Identification Information
1
1995
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
1
Line Feature
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
2
Feature Identifier
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
3
Census Feature Classification Code (CFCC)
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
4
Address Range
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
5
Geographic Entity
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
6
Point/Node
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
7
Landmark Feature
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
8
Political Boundary
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
9
Statistical Boundary
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
10
Polygon
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
11
County/County Equivalent
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
12
TIGER/Line
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
13
Topology
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
14
Street Centerline
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
15
Latitude/Longitude
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
16
ZIP-Code
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
17
Vector
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
18
TIGER Line Identification Number (TLID)
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
19
Street Segment
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
20
Coordinate
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Theme Keyword
Identification Information
21
Boundary
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Place Keyword
Identification Information
1
United States
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Place Keyword
Identification Information
2
U.S. Virgin Islands
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Place Keyword
Identification Information
3
Puerto Rico
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Place Keyword
Identification Information
4
Pacific Island Territories
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Place Keyword
Identification Information
5
County
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Temporal Keyword
Identification Information
1
Certified as of 19960101.
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Originator
Lineage
2
U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Geography Division
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Publication Date
Lineage
2
Unpublished material
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Title
Lineage
2
TIGER data base
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Edition
Lineage
2
1995
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Type of Source Media
Lineage
1
On line
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Source Currentness Reference
Lineage
1
Date the file was made available to create TIGER/Line File extracts.
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Source Citation Abbreviation
Lineage
1
TIGER
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Source Contribution
Lineage
1
Selected geographic and cartographic information (line segments) from the Census TIGER data base.
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Calendar Date
Lineage
2
1995
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Direct Spatial Reference Method
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
Vector
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SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
Node, network
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SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
Spatial Data Organization Information
2
Entity point
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SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
Spatial Data Organization Information
3
Complete chain
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SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
Spatial Data Organization Information
4
GT-polygon composed of chains
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Point and Vector Object Count
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
570 to 56,000
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Point and Vector Object Count
Spatial Data Organization Information
2
790 to 83,000
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Point and Vector Object Count
Spatial Data Organization Information
3
290 to 33,000
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Latitude Resolution
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
0.000458
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Longitude Resolution
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
0.000458
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Geographic Coordinate Units
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
Decimal degrees
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Entity And Attribute Overview
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
The TIGER/Line files contain data describing three major types of features/entities; Line Features - 1) Roads 2) Railroads 3) Hydrography 4) Miscellaneous transportation features and selected power lines and pipe lines 5) Political and statistical boundaries Landmark Features - 1) Point landmarks, e.g., schools and churches. 2) Area landmarks, e.g., Parks and cemeteries. 3) Key geographic locations (KGLs), e.g., apartment buildings and factories. Polygon features - 1) Geographic entity codes for areas used to tabulate the 1990 census statistical data and current geographic areas 2) Locations of area landmarks 3) Locations of KGLs The line features and polygon information form the majority of data in the TIGER/Line files. Some of the data/attributes describing the lines include coordinates, feature identifiers (names), CFCCs (used to identify the most noticeable characteristic of a feature), address ranges, and geographic entity codes. The TIGER/Line files contain point and area labels that describe landmarks features and provide locational reference. Area landmarks consist of a feature name or label and feature type assigned to a polygon or group of polygons. Landmarks may overlap or refer to the same set of polygons. The Census TIGER data base uses collections of spatial objects (points, lines, and polygons) to model or describe real-world geography. The Census Bureau uses these spatial objects to represent features such as streets, rivers, and political boundaries and assigns attributes to these features to identify and describe specific features such as the 500 block of Market Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The TIGER/Line files contain information about these spatial objects distributed over a series of record types. Users of the TIGER/Line files may need to link information from several record types to find all the attributes of interest that belong to one spatial object. Topology explains how points, lines, and areas relate to each other and is used as the foundation for organizing spatial objects in the Census TIGER data base. The Census TIGER data base uses these objects to provide a disciplined, mathematical description of the features on the earth's surface. All spatial objects are interrelated. A sequence of points define line segments, and line segments connect to define polygons. The Census TIGER data base relates information to points or 0-cells, lines or 1-cells, and polygons or 2-cells. The number preceding the cell identifies the dimensionality of the objects; for instance, a line segment has a single dimension, length. Each of these objects build on the others to form higher-level objects. The 0-cells form the end points of 1-cells. The 1-cells connect at 0-cells and form closed figures that partition space into polygons or 2-cells. The spatial objects in TIGER/Line files embody both geometry (coordinate location and shape) and topology (the relationship between points, lines objects, and polygons) and therefore belong to the "Geometry and Topology" (GT) class of objects in the SDTS. In the SDTS, nodes represent point objects (0-cells) that identify the start and end position of lines or 1-dimensional objects (1-cells) called chains. The chains in the TIGER/Line files are complete chains because they form GT-polygon boundaries and intersect other chains only at nodes. Topological chains that do not contain polygon information are network chains used to form GT-rings. Data users may choose not to use GT-polygon or geographic entity codes and consider the TIGER/Line files a source of network chain data. The TIGER/Line files contain point landmark data that are not included in the Census TIGER data base topology. Point landmarks are entity points that mark the location of points of interest and are not connected to complete chains or GT- polygons. A polygon identification code is used to link a landmark to a GT-polygon.
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Entity and Attribute Detail Citation
Spatial Data Organization Information
1
The U.S. Bureau of the Census, TIGER/Line Files, 1995 Technical Documentation. The TIGER/Line files documentation defines the terms and definitions used within the files.
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Resource Description
Distribution Information
1
1995 TIGER/Line Files
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Distribution Liability
Distribution Information
1
No warranty, expressed or implied is made and no liability is assumed by the U.S. Government in general or the Bureau of the Census in specific as to the positional or attribute accuracy of the data. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Government in the use of these files.
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Technical Prerequisites
Distribution Information
1
The 1995 TIGER/Line files contain geographic data only and do not include display or mapping software or statistical data. A list of vendors who have developed software capable of processing TIGER/Line files can be obtained over the Internet by selecting TIGER under Subjects A-Z on the Census Bureau's home page (www.census.gov).
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Format Name
Distribution Information
1
TGRLN (compressed)
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File Decompression Technique
Distribution Information
1
PK-ZIP, version 1.93A or higher.
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Fees
Distribution Information
1
The TIGER/Line files are grouped by states or statistical equivalent ($1500 for the complete six-disc set or $250 per CD-ROM/disc). Technical documentation is included on disc or may be downloaded in PDF format over the Internet. TIGER 95: All States (6 CD-ROMs) CD95-TGR-ALL $1,500. TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-01 $250, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-02 $250, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-03 $250, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-04 $250, Arizona, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-05 $250, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-06 $250, Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands and the Outlying Areas of the Pacific NOTE: All fees are subject to change. Contact the Bureau of the Census for the current fees.
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Ordering Instructions
Distribution Information
1
To purchase 1995 TIGER/Line files; order from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, by calling Customer Services, Bureau of the Census 1 301 457 4100; FAX 1 301 457 3842. To obtained more information about ordering TIGER/Line files visit http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger.
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Contact Organization
Distribution Information
1
U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Geography Division Products and Services Staff
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Address Type
Distribution Information
1
Physical address
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Address
Distribution Information
1
8903 Presidential Parkway, WP I
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City
Distribution Information
1
Upper Marlboro
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State or Province
Distribution Information
1
Maryland
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Postal Code
Distribution Information
1
20772
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Country
Distribution Information
1
USA
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Contact Voice Telephone
Distribution Information
1
1 301 457 1128
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Contact Facsimile Telephone
Distribution Information
1
1 301 457 4710
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Contact Electronic Mail Address
Distribution Information
1
TIGER@census.gov
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Metadata Date
Metadata Reference Information
1
199612
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Metadata Review Date
Metadata Reference Information
1
19970130
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Metadata Standard Name
Metadata Reference Information
1
Federal Geographic Data Committee "Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata"
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Metadata Standard Version
Metadata Reference Information
1
19940608 (Version 1.0)
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Contact Person
Metadata Reference Information
1
Lornell A. Parks
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Contact Organization
Metadata Reference Information
2
U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Geography Division Geospatial Research and Standards Staff
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Address Type
Metadata Reference Information
2
Physical address
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Address
Metadata Reference Information
2
8903 Presidential Parkway, WP I
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City
Metadata Reference Information
2
Upper Marlboro
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State or Province
Metadata Reference Information
2
Maryland
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Postal Code
Metadata Reference Information
2
20772
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Country
Metadata Reference Information
2
USA
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Contact Voice Telephone
Metadata Reference Information
2
1 301 457 1056
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Contact Facsimile Telephone
Metadata Reference Information
2
1 301 457 4710
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Contact Electronic Mail Address
Metadata Reference Information
2
lparks@census.gov
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