Restriction and isoperimetric inequalities in harmonic analysis

Abstract

We study two related inequalities that arise in Harmonic Analysis: restriction type inequalities and isoperimetric inequalities. The (Lp, Lq) Restriction type inequalities have been the subject of much interest since they were first conceived in the 1960s. The classical restriction type inequality involving surfaces of non-vanishing curvature is only fully resolved in two dimensions and there have been a lot of recent developments to establish the conjectured (p,q) range in higher dimensions. However, it also interesting to consider what can be said for curves where the curvature does vanish. In particular we build upon a restriction result for homogeneous polynomial surfaces, using what is considered the natural weight - the one induced by the affine curvature of the surface. This is known to hold with a non-universal constant which depends in some way on the coefficients of the polynomial. In this dissertation we shall quantify that relationship. Restriction estimates (for curves or surfaces) using the affine curvature weight can be shown to lead to an affine isoperimetric inequality for such curves or surfaces. We first prove, directly, this inequality for polynomial curves, where the constant depends only on the degree of the underlying polynomials. We then adapt this method, to prove an isoperimetric inequality for a wide class of curves, which includes curves for which a restriction estimate is not yet known. Next we state and prove an analogous result of the relative affine isoperimetric inequality, which applies to unbounded convex sets. Lastly we demonstrate that this relative affine isoperimetric inequality for unbounded sets is in fact equivalent to the classical affine isoperimetric inequality.