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The pathogenesis of infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease) of sheep

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BagadiHO_1970redux.pdf (24.97Mb)
Date
1970
Author
Bagadi, Hammad Omer
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Abstract
 
 
The literature relating to infectious necrotic hepatitis is critically reviewed and discussed.
 
The bacteriological, parasitological and other techniques used in this study are outlined.
 
Surveys on five Scottish farms are described and the results analysed to show the correlation between the incidence of 01.novyi type B in sheep livers and in soil from the pastures, both with each other, with the incidence of Pasciola hepatica in the livers of sheep and with the incidence of infectious necrotic hepatitis on these farms.
 
Infectious necrotic hepatitis was induced in laboratory guinea-pigs, rabbits and sheep. The spores of Cl.novyi type B were found to reach the liver within 24 hours after oral infection to guinea-pigs and sheep, but could be detected earlier in the mesenteric lymph glands. The Possible Pathways by which these snores reach the liver are discussed . Death from infectious necrotic hepatitis in guinea-pigs and rabbits occurred 4 - 6 weeks post-infection with Fasciola hepatica, which corresponds with the critical period of maximal parenchymal damage in the liver caused by the flukes. In sheep the severity of the damage caused by the flukes in the liver was assessed by assaying the concentration of glutanic dehydrogenase (G.D.) in the serum and the host reaction to the infection by estimating the numbers of eosinophils in the plasma. All the sheep which developed infectious necrotic hepatitis died 6-8 weeks after infection with Fasciola hepatica; all these sheep showed high serum G.D. levels and high eosinophil counts during this Period, which also coincides with the period of maximal parenchymal damao in this host species. This is believed to be the first report of the induction of experimental infectious necrotic hepatitis in sheep t using the natural infective agents.
 
The effect of putrefaction on the diagnosis of infectious necrotic hepatitis was investigated in experimental models and the significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the diagnosis of the disease in the field.
 
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http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26182
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