The applicant's research career has been focused almost exclusively on the response of ... the lung to inhaled particles and how these responses relate to the development of pathological change in the lung. This DSc submission contains the 105 published papers that comprise the formal publication output of this research. The papers are grouped into the 7 areas that the papers cover, preceded by an overview of the research.
Section 1 Experimental pathology studies with rats, including lung dose determination studies. These studies on the pathological responses of rats to following inhalation of fibres or particles and were aimed at determining the types of pathological response and the important characteristics of fibres and particles that dictate their pathogenicity. Additionally the rat peritoneal cavity was used as a model site for studying the development of mesotheliomas in response to fibres.
| 1. Bolton RE, Davis JMG, Donaldson K, Wright A. Variations in the carcinogenicity of mineral fibres. In: Walton WH, ed. Inhaled particles V. Proceedings of an international symposium organised by the British Occupational Hygiene Society. Cardiff, 8-12 September 1980. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1982: 569-582 (Annals of Occupational Hygiene; 26). [A]
| 2. Davis JMG, Beckett ST, Bolton RE, Donaldson K . A comparison of the pathological effects in rats of the UICC reference samples of amosite and chrysotile with those of amosite and chrysotile collected from the factory environment. In: Wagner JC, ed. Biological effects of mineral fibres. Proceedings of a symposium held at the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, 25-27 September 1979. Vol.l. Lyon: IARC, 1980: 285-292 (IARC Scientific Publication no. 30) (INSERM Symposia series vol. 92.) [B]
| 3. Davis JMG, Beckett ST, Bolton RE, Donaldson K. The effect of intermittent high asbestos exposure (peak dose levels) on the lungs of rats. Br.J.Exp.Path. 1980; 61: 272-280. [B]
| 4. Bolton RE, Davis JMG, Miller BG, Donaldson K, Wright A. The effect of dose of asbestos on mesothelioma production in the laboratory rat. In: Bergbau-Berufsgenossenschaft,eds. 6th International Pneumoconiosis Conference 1983, Bochum. Vol.2. Geneva: International Labour Organisation, 1984: 1028-1035. [C]
| 5. Davis JMG, Addison J, Bolton RE, Donaldson K, Jones AD, Wright A. The pathogenic effects of fibrous ceramic aluminium silicate glass administered to rats by inhalation or peritoneal injection. In: World Health Organisation: Regional Office for Europe. Biological effects of man-made mineral fibres. Proceedings of a WHO/IARC Conference in association with JEMRB and TIMA, Copenhagen 20-22 Apri11982. Vol.2. Copenhagen: WHO, 1984: 303-322. [C]
| 6. Davis JMG, Addison J, Bolton RE, Donaldson K, Jones AD, Miller BG. Inhalation studies on the effects of tremolite and brucite dust in rats. Carcinogenesis 1985; 6: 667-674.
| 7. Davis JMG, Addison J, Bolton RE, Donaldson K, Jones AD. Inhalation and injection studies in rats using dust samples from chrysotile asbestos prepared by a wet dispersion process. Br.J.Exp.Path. 1986; 67: 113-129. [C]
| 8. Davis JMG, Addison J, Bolton RE, Donaldson K, Jones AD, Smith T. The pathogenicity of long versus short fibre samples of amosite asbestos administered to rats by inhalation and intraperitoneal injection. Br.J.Exp.Path. 1986; 67: 415-430. [C]
| 9. Bolton RE, Addison J, Davis JMG, Donaldson K, Jones AD, Miller BG, Wright A. Effects of the inhalation of dusts from calcium silicate insulation materials in laboratory rats. Env.Res.1986; 39: 26-43. [C]
| 10.Vincent J, Donaldson K. A dosimetric approach for relating the biological response of the lung to the accumulation of inhaled mineral dust. Br.J.Ind.Med. 1990 47; 302-307. [D]
| 11. Vincent lli, Mark D, Jones AD, Donaldson K. A rationale for assessing exposure-dose-response relationships for occupational dust-related lung disease. Vll International Conference on Pneumoconiosis, Pittsburgh 1988 Proceedings of the Conference. Department of Health and Human Services, 1990 151-157 (D]
| 12.Jones AD, Vincent ill, Addison J, Mcintosh C, Donaldson K. The fate and effect of inhaled chrysotile asbestos fibres. (1994) Ann. Occ. Hyg. ~ Suppl 1; 619-629. [D]
| 13.Donaldson K, Brown DM, Miller BG, Brody AR. (1995) Bromo-deoxyuridine (BRDU) uptake in the lungs of rats inhaling amosite asbestos or vitreous fibres at equal airborne fibre concentrations. Exp.Toxicol. Pathol. 47; 207-211[E]
Section 2 Effects of particles on cells in vitro. These studies were carried out in order to dissect the cellular events that lead to pathogenic change in response to particles and utilised macrophages, epithelial cells and mesothelial cells. Studies took the general form of exposing cells in culture to fibres and particles and measuring endpoints that relate to pathogenicity, e.g. pro-inflammatory mediators.
| 14.Qonaldson K, Slight J, Bolton RE. Release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by macrophages in response to asbestos. In: Beck EG, Bignon J, ed. In vitro effects of mineral dusts. Third International Workshop. Berlin: Springer, 1985: 75-81 (NATO Advanced Science Institute [ASI] Series G: Vol.3.) [E]
| 15.Donaldson K, Slight J, Hannant D, Bolton RE. Increased release of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion from asbestos-primed macrophages: effect of hydrogen peroxide on the functional activity of alpha-1-protease inhibitor. Inflammation 1985; 9: 139-147. [E]
| 16.Donaldson K, Slight J, Bolton RE. In vitro fibrinolytic activity and viability of rat alveolar macrophages treated with inflammation-generating mineral dusts. Agents and Actions 1987; 20: 87-92. [E]
| 17.Donaldson K, Slight J, Bolton RE. Oxidant production by control and inflammatory bronchoalveolar leukocyte populations treated with mineral dust in vitro. Inflammation 1988; 12: 231-243. [E]
| 18.Brown, G.M., Li, X.Y., and Donaldson, K. Secretion of lL-1 and 1NF by alveolar macrophages following exposure to particulate and fibrous dusts. in Mechanisms of fibre carcinogenesis. Eds Brown R.C. Hoskins J.A. Johnson N.F. Plenum Press NY. 1991. 499-504.
| 19.Donaldson K, Li X-Y, Dogra S, Miller BG, Brown GM. Asbestos-stimulated tumour necrosis factor release from alveolar macrophages depends on fibre length and opsonisation. 1992; 168: 243-248. [E]
| 20.Brown OM, Miller B.G. Donaldson K. Fibre number dependent secretion of TNF by rat bronchoalveolar macrophages. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Occupational Lung Diseases. 1993 Voll 540-545. ILO. [E]
| 21.Donaldson K, Miller BG, Sara E, Slight J, Brown D. Asbestos fibre length-dependent detachment injury to alveolar epithelial cells in vitro: role of a fibronectin-binding receptor. IntJ. Exp.Path.1993; ~ :243-250. [E]
| 22.Brown D, Dransfield I, Wetherill JZ, Donaldson K. ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in homotypic adhesion in rat alveolar macrophages: organic dust-mediated aggregation by a non-protein kinase C-dependent pathway. Am J. Resp. Mol. Cell Bioi. 1993; 2: 205-212. [G]
| 23.Donaldson K, Golyasnya N. Davis JMG. Long and short amosite asbestos samples: comparison of chromosome-damaging effects to cells in culture with in vivo pathogenicity. in Cellular and molecular effects of mineral and synthetic dusts and fibres. (1994). Eds JMG Davis and MC Jaurand. Springer Verlag. 221-225. [E]
| 24.Brown DM, Donaldson K, Injurious effects of wool and grain dust in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro. Br.J.Ind.Med. 1991; .4..8__;_196-202. [0]
| 25.Hill IM, Beswick PH, Donaldson K.· Differential release of superoxide anion by macrophages treated with long and short fibre amosite asbestos is a consequence of . differential affinity for opsonin. Occup. Environ.Med. 1995; .52;_92-96. [G]
| 26.Donaldson K, Hill IM, Beswick PH. Superoxide anion release by alveolar macrophages exposed to respirable industrial fibres: modifying effect of fibre opsonisation. Exp.Toxic.Pathol. 1995; 47 : 229-231. [E]
| 27.Donaldson K, Golyasnya N. Cytogenetic and pathogenic effects of long and short amosite asbestos. J.Pathol. 1995; ill: 303-307. [E]
| 28.Dogra S, Donaldson K. Effect of long and short fibre amosite asbestos on in vitro TNF production by rat alveolar macrophages: the modifying effect of lipopolysaccharide. Ind. Health 1995; 33: 131-141. [E]
Section 3 Studies on inflammatory leukocytes elicited by particles. Study of the characteristics of the inflammatory cells elicited by pathogenic particles are the logical consequence of the studies in Section 3. The general design of these experiments was exposure of rat and mouse lung or peritoneal cavity followed by harvest of the inflammatory cells for examination of various relevant end-points.
| 29.Donaldson K, Davis JMG, James K. Characteristics of peritoneal macrophages induced by asbestos injection. Environ. Res.1982; 29: 414-424. [H]
| 30.Donaldson K, Davis JMG, Ewing A, James K. Interactions of asbestos-activated macrophages with an experimental fibrosarcoma. Env. Health Perspect. 1983; 51: 97-101. [H]
| 31.Wright A, Donaldson K, Davis JMG. macrophages in different activation states. 147-152. [D] Cytotoxic effect of asbestos on Environ. Health Perspect. 1983; 51: 147-152. [D]
| 32.Donaldson K, Cullen RT. Chemiluminescence of asbestos-activated macrophages. Br.J.Exp.Path 1984; 65: 81-90. [D]
| 33.Donaldson K, Slight J, Bolton RE. Proteases and oxidants in injury to alveolar epithelial cells caused by lung-derived neutrophils in vitro. In: Reid E, Cook GMW, Luazio JP, eds. Cells, membranes, and disease, including renal. Proceedings of the lOth International Subcellular Methodology Forum, September 1986, University of Surrey, Guildford. New York: Plenum, 1987: 379-382. (Methodological surveys in biochemistry and analysis Vol. 17). [E]
| 34.Donaldson K, Bolton RE, Jones AD, Brown GM, Robertson :MD, Slight J, Cowie H, Davis JMG. Kinetics of the bronchoalveolar leukocyte response in rats during exposure to equal airborne mass concentrations of quartz, chrysotile asbestos or titanium dioxide. Thorax 1988; 43: 525-533. [E]
| 35.Donaldson K, Slight J, Brown GM, Bolton RE. The ability of inflammatory bronchoalveolar leukocyte populations elicited with microbes or dust to injure alveolar epithelial cells and degrade extracellular matrix in vitro. Br.J.Exp.Path. 1988; 69: 327-338. [E]
| 36.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Bolton RE, Davis JMG. Toxicity of ceramic and aramid fibres in animal and in vitro studies. Fibres in Friction Materials Symposium Fibres and Health Issues, Atlantic City, New Jersey, October 1987 Proceedings of the meeting. Published by the Asbestos Institute Montreal 1988. 105-123 [E]
| 37 .Donaldson K, Bolton RE, Brown DM. Inflammatory cell recruitment as a measure of mineral dust toxicity. Ann. Occup.Hyg. 1988; 32 Suppl.l: 299-305. [E]
| 38.Brown GM, Donaldson K. Degradation of connective tissue components by lung-derived leukocytes in vitro: role of proteases and oxidants. Thorax 1988; 43: 132-139. [G]
| 39.Brown GM, Donaldson K. Slight J. Degradation of an extracellular matrix component by bronchoalveolar leukocytes in vitro : modulation by toxic mineral dusts. In: Effects of mineral dusts on cells. Eds. B.T. Mossman and R. Begin. Springer-Verlag,Berlin 1989. p289-296. [G]
| 40.Davis JMG, Bolton RE, Brown DM, Brown GM, Donaldson K, Jones AD, Robertson :MD, Slight J. In vitro studies of leukocytes lavaged from the lungs of rats following the inhalation of mineral dusts. In: Effects of mineral dusts on cells. Eds. B.T. Mossman and R. Begin. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1989. p337-346. [E]
| 41.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Brown DM, Bolton RE, Davis JMG. Inflammation generating potential of long and short fibre amosite asbestos samples. Br. J.Ind.Med. 1989; 46: 271-276. [E]
| 42.Donaldson K, Slight J, Brown DM. Injurious effects of mineral dust -elicited bronchoalveolar leukocytes on epithelial cells in vitro; the role of extracellular matrix components. In: Effects of mineral dusts on cells. Eds. B.T. Mossman and R. Begin. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1989. p16-21. [E]
| 43.Brown GM, Donaldson K, Brown DM. Bronchoalveolar leukocyte response in experimental silicosis: modulation by a soluble aluminium compound. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol1989; 101: 95-105. [G]
| 44.Brown GM, Donaldson K. Inflammatory responses in lungs of rats inhaling coalmine dust: enhanced proteolysis of fibronectin by bronchoalveolar leukocytes. Br. J. Ind. Med. 1989; 46; 866-872. [G]
| 45.Kusaka Y, Donaldson K. Production of interleukin-1-like activity by neutrophils derived from rat lung. Thorax 1990 45; 281-282. [J]
| 46.Donaldson K, Slight J, Brown GM, Brown DM, Robertson MD, Davis JMG. Chemotactic responses of leukocytes from the bronchoalveolar space of rats exposed to airborne quartz, coalmine dusts or titanium dioxide. vn International Conference on Pneumoconiosis, Pittsburgh 1988 Proceedings of the Conference. Department of Health and Human Services, 1990 320-323. [J]
| 47 .Donaldson K, Brown GM, Slight J. In vitro injury to elements of the alveolar septum caused by leukocytes from the bronchoalveolar region of rats exposed to silica. VIT International Conference on Pneumoconiosis, Pittsburgh 1988 Proceedings of the Conference. Department of Health and Human Services, 1990; 603-606 [E]
| 48.Brown GM, Brown DM, Slight J, Donaldson K. Persistent biological reactivity of quartz in the lung: raised protease burden compared with a non-pathogenic mineral dust and microbial particles. Br J Indust Med. 1991 48; 61-69. [G]
| 49.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Brown DM, Robertson MD, Slight J, Cowie H, Jones AD, Bolton RE, Davis JMG. Contrasting bronchoalveolar leukocyte responses in rats inhaling coalmine dust, quartz or titanium dioxide: effects of coal rank, airborne mass concentration and cessation of exposure. Environ. Res. 1990 52; 62-76. [E]
| 50.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Brown DM, Slight J, Robertson MD, Davis JMG. Impaired chemotactic responses of bronchoalveolar leukocytes in experimental pneumoconiosis. J. Pathol. 1990; 160; 63-69. [E]
| 51.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Brown DM, Slight J, Cullen RT, Love RG, Soutar CA. Inflammation in the lungs of rats after deposition of dust collected from the air of wool mills: the role of epithelial injury and complement activation. Br J Indust.Med. 1990; 47; 231-238. [E]
| 52.Brown GM, Brown DM, Donaldson K. Inflammatory response to particles in the lung: secretion of acid and neutral proteinases by bronchoalveolar leukocytes. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 1991 35: 389-396. [G]
| 53.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Brown DM, Slight J, U XY. Epithelial and extra-cellular matrix injury in quartz-inflamed lung: the role of the alveolar macrophage. Env. Hlth. Perspect 1992; 21. :221-224. [E]
| 54.Brown GM, Brown DM, Donaldson K. Persistent inflammation and impaired chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages on cessation of dust exposure Env. Hlth. Perspect. 1992; 97: 91-94. [G]
| 55.Donaldson K. Addison J. Brown D.M. Brown G.M/ Jones A.D. Miller B.G. Slight J. Davis J.M.G. Short-term broncholaveolar leukocyte responses in rats inhaling glass micro-fibre and amosite asbestos at equal airborne fibre number as monitored by phase contrast optical microscopy. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Occupational Lung Diseases. 1993 Vol 1 515 -524. ll..O. [E]
| 56.Donaldson K, Miller BG, Brown GM, Slight J, Addison J. Inflammation in the mouse peritoneal cavity in the investigation of factors determining the biological activity of respirable industrial fibres. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Occupational Lung Diseases. 1993 Voll 531-539. ll..O. [E]
| 57.Donaldson K, Addison J, Miller BG, Cullen RT Davis JMG. Use of the short-term inflammatory response in the mouse peritoneal cavity to assess the biological activity of leached vitreous fibres. Environ. Health Perspect. 1994 . .l.Q2 Suppl 5:159-162. [E]
| 58.Donaldson K. Biological activity of respirable industrial fibres treated to mimic residence in the lung. Toxicol. Letters 1994;72: 229-305. [E]
| 59.Yang LX, Donaldson K. Production of TNF by pleural leukocytes following airspace deposition of asbestos, quartz and Ti02 alone and in combination. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 1994; 3.8 Suppl.1: 433-438. [G]
| 60.Donaldson K, Miller BG. A comparison of alveolar macrophage cytotoxicity and ability to cause inflammation in the mouse peritoneal cavity for a range of different fibre types at equal fibre number. in Cellular and molecular effects of mineral and synthetic dusts and fibres. Eels JMG Davis and MC Jaurand. Springer Verlag 1994 255-261. [E]
| 6l.Brown GM, Brown DM, Li XY, Donaldson K. Inflammatory responses in the lungs of rats exposed to amosite asbestos. Ann.Occup. Hyg. 1994; 28_Suppl 1.;. 683-691. [G]
| 62.Brown DM, Donaldson K. Activity of wool mill dust in vitro and in vivo: cytotoxicity, cytokine production, lymph node stimulation and histopathology. Ann. Occup. Hyg 1994; 18._Supp 1 887-844. [G]
Section 4 The effects of particles on the immune system. It has been suggested that particles may enhance the immune response, which could promote inflammation and pathological change. The studies in this section describe the impact of particles on the immune system.
| 63.Donaldson K, Davis JMG, James K. Asbestos-activated peritoneal macrophages release a factor(s) which inhibits lymphocyte mitogenesis. Environ. Res. 1984; 35: 104-114. [H]
| 64.Hannant D, Donaldson K, Bolton RE. Im.munomodulatory effects of mineral dust I. Effects of intraperitoneal dust inoculation on splenic lymphocyte function and humoral immune responses in vivo. J.Clin Lab. Immunol.l985; l..Q: 81-85. [D]
| 65.Szymaniec S, Donaldson K, Brown DM, Chladzynska M, Jankowska E, Polikowska H. Antibody producing cells in the spleens of mice treated with pathogenic mineral dust. Br.J. Indust.Med. 1990; ~: 724-728. [D]
| 66.Kusaka Y, Cullen RT, Donaldson K. Im.munomodulation in mineral dust-exposed lung: stimulatory effects and interleukin-1 release by neutrophils from quartz-elicited alveolitis. Clin. Exp. Im.munol. 1990; .8Q: 293-298. [I]
| 67.Kusaka Y, Cullen RT, Donaldson K. Experimental srudies on the effect of the immune system of exposure to coalmine dust and quartz. vn International Conference on Pneumoconiosis, Pittsburgh 1988 Proceedings of the Conference. Department of Health and Human Services, 1990 : 1345-1350. [I]
| 68.Kusaka Y, Brown GM, Donaldson K. Alveolitis caused by exposure to coalmine dusts: production of interleukin-1 and immunomodulation by bronchoalveolar leukocytes. Environ. Res. 1990; 53: 76-89. [I]
| 69.Donaldson, K., Szymaniec, S., Li, X.Y., Brown, D.M. and Brown, G.M., Inflammation and Immunomodulation caused by shon and long amosite asbestos samples.in Mechanisms of fibre carcinogenesis. Eds. Brown R.C. Hoskins J.A. Johnson N.F. Plenum Press, NY. 1991: 121-130. 70.Robens SN, Howie SEM, Wallace WAH, Brown DM, Lamb D, Ramage EA, Donaldson K. (1995). A novel model for human interstitial lung disease: hapten-driven lung fibrosis in rodents. J. Pathol; 176: 309-318. [D]
Section 5 Studies on mesothelial cells and asbestos. Because of the paucity of information on the mechanism whereby asbestos and other fibres cause the unusual pleural cancer mesothelioma, studies were carried out using various models for this disease.
| 7l.Gormley IP, Bolton RE, Brown GM, Davis JMG, Donaldson K. Srudies on the morphological patterns of asbestos-induced mesotheliomas in vivo and in vitro. Carcinogenesis 1980; 2: 219-231. [A]
| 72.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Bolton RE, Davis JMG. Fibrinolysis by rat mesothelial cells in vitro: the effect of mineral dusts at non-toxic doses. Br. J. Exp.Path. 1988; ~: 487-494. [E]
| 73.Li XY, Brown GM, Lamb D, Donaldson K. Secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor by nonnal rat pleural leukocytes in culture. Lung 1990; .1.6.8: 309-322. [G]
| 74.U XY, Brown GM, Lamb D, Donaldson K. Increased production of plasminogen activator inhibitor in vitro by pleural leukocytes from rats intratracheally instilled with crocidolite asbestos.Env Res 1991; _52: 135-144. [G]
| 75.Li XY, Lamb D, Donaldson K. Intratracheal injection of crocidolite asbestos depresses the secretion of Tumour Necrosis Factor by pleural leukocytes in vitro. Exp Lung Res 1992; IE :359-372. [G]
| 76.U XY, Brown GM, Lamb D, Donaldson K. Reactive pleural inflammation caused by intra-tracheal instillation of killed microbes. Eur. Respir.J 1993; .fr. 27-34. [G]
| 77.U XY, Lamb D, Donaldson K. Production of lnterleukin 1 by rat pleural leukocytes in culture after intra-tracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos. Br J. Indust. Med. Br. J. Ind. Med. 1993; 50 :90-94. [G]
| 78.Li X.Y. Lamb D. Donaldson K. Mesothelial cell injury caused by pleural leukocytes from rats treated with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos or Corynebacterium parvum. Environ. Res. 1994; .64.;. 181-191. [G]
Section 6 Neutrophils and oxidative stress in the lung. Recently the applicant has diversified to studying cigarette smoke and other oxidant-mediated lung injury. In addijion, studies have shown that particles have free radical activity and this may have substantial impact on the understanding of the mechanism of particle-mediated lung disease.
| 79.Drost E, Lannan S, Bridgeman MME, Brown DM, Selby C, Donaldson K, MacNee W. Lack of effect of n-acetyl cysteine on the release of oxygen radicals from neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. Europ. Resp. J. 1991; ~:723-729. [K]
| 80.Brown GM, DrostE, Donaldson K, MacGregor I, MacNee W. Reduction of the proteolytic activity of neutrophils by exposure to cigarette smoke in vitro. Exp Lung Res 1991; 11: 923-937
| 81.MacNee W, Bridgeman MME, Marsden M, Drost E, Lannan S, Selby C, Donaldson K. The effects of N-Acetylcysteine and glutathione on smoke-induced changes in lung phagocytes and epithelial cells. Am J Med 1991; 91C3Cl: 60S-66S. [K]
| 82.Brown GM, Drost E, Selby C, Donaldson K, MacNee W. Neutrophil sequestration in rat lungs. in Pulmonary emphysema: the rationale for therapeutic intervention. Ed Weinbaum G, Giles RE, Krell RD. Annals of the New York Academy of Science. Volume 624. 1991; 316-317. [K]
| 83.Donaldson K, Brown GM, DrostE, Selby C, MacNee W. Does cigarette smoke enhance the proteolytic activity of neutrophils? in Pulmonary emphysema: the rationale for therapeutic intervention. Ed Weinbaum G, Giles RE, Krell RD. Annals of the New York Academy of Science. Volume 624. 1991, 325-327. [K]
| 84.Brown DM, Brown GM, MacNee W, Donaldson K. Activated human peripheral blood neutrophils produce epithelial injury and fibronectin breakdown in vitro. Inflammation 1992; 16: 21-30. [K]
| 85.Lannan S, McLean A, Drost E, Gillooly M, Donaldson K, Lamb D, MacNee W. Changes in neutrophil morphology and morphometry following exposure to cigarette smoke. Int.J. Exp. Path 1992; 73: 183-191. [K]
| 86.Donaldson K, Brown GM, Brown DM, Slight J, MacLaren W. Davis J.M.G. Characteristics of the bronchoalveolar leukocytes from the lungs of rats inhaling 0.2-0.8 ppm of ozone. Inhalat. Toxicol. 1993; ~: 149-164 . [E]
| 87.Lannan S, Donaldson K, Brown D, and MacNee W. Effect of cigarette smoke and its condensates on alveolar epithelial injury in vitro. Amer. J. Physiol. (Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 10) 1994; 2.66: L92-L100. [K]
| 88.Brown GM Brown DM Donaldson K Drost E MacNee W. (1995) Neutrophil sequestration in rat lungs. Thorax 1995; ~: 661-667. [K]
| 89.Li XY, Donaldson K, Brown D, MacNee W. (1995) The role of tumour necrosis factor in increased airspace epithelial permeability in acute lung inflammation. Am. J. Respir.Cell Mol. Biol.1995; U: 185-195. [K]
| 90.Donaldson K, Gilmour PH, Beswick PH. Suercoiled plasmid DNA as a model target for assessing the geneation of free radicals at the surface of fibres. Exp. Toxic. Pathol. 1995; £l :235-237. [G]
| 91.Gilmour P. Beswick HP, Donaldson K. Detection of surface free radical activity of respirable industrial fibres using supercoiled <j>X174 RF1 plasmid DNA. Carcinogenesis 1995; lQ :2973-2979. [G]
Section 7 Reviews, development and methodology papers. This section includes review articles, book chapters and methodology papers that have been produced in the course of the main body of research.
| 92.Donaldson K, Bolton RE, Brown DM, Douglas A. An improved macrophage spreading assay - a simple and effective measure of activation. Immunol. Communic. 1984; 13: 229-244. [F]
| 93.Donaldson K, Davis JMG, James K. Concanavalin A receptors and capping in control and activated macrophages. Histochem. J. 1983; ...U: 59-69. [H]
| 94.James K. Milne I, Donaldson K. Fluoresceinated a. 2-macroglobulin as a probe for studying macrophages. J . . Immunol. Methods 1985; ~: 281-293 [L]
| 95.Davis JMG, Bolton RE, E Cowie H, Donaldson K, Gormley IP, Jones AD, Wright A. Comparisons of the biological effects of mineral fibre samples using in vitro and in vivo assay systems. In: Beck EG, Bignon J, ed. In vitro effects of mineral dusts. Third International Workshop. Berlin: Springer, 1985: 405-411 (NATO Advanced Science Institute [ASI] Series G: Vol.3.) [E] | 96.Donaldson K, Slight J, Bolton RE. The effect of products from bronchoalveolar-derived neutrophils on oxidant production and phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages. Clin.Exp.Immunol. 1988; :H: 477-482. [E]
| 97 .Brown GM, Cowie H, Davis JMG, Donaldson K. In vitro assays for detecting carcinogenic mineral fibres: a comparison of two assays and the role of fibre size. Carcinogenesis 1986; 1: 1971-1974. [G]
| 98.Donaldson K, Brown GM. Assessment of mineral dust cytotoxicity towards rat alveolar macrophages using a 51Cr release assay. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1988; l.Q: 365-366. [E]
| 99.Callis PD, Donaldson K, McCord JF. Early cellular responses to calcium phosphate ceramics. Clin.Materials 1988; .3: 183-190. [D]
| 100.Donaldson K, Slight J, Brown DM. Effects of products from inflammatory pulmonary neutrophils on alveolar macrophage chemotaxis, spreading and thymidine incorporation. Inflammation 1988; .U: 443-453. [E]
| 101.Donaldson K, Brown GM . Bronchoalveolar lavage in the assessment of the cellular response to fibre exposure. In: Fiber Toxicology; Ed. D. Warheit, Academic Press, Florida. 1993. Chapter 6, 117-138. [K]
| 102.Seaton A, MacNee W, Donaldson K, Godden D. Particulate air pollution and acute health effects. The Lancet. 1995; 345: 176-178. [1]
| 103.Davis J.M.G. Donaldson K. Respirable industrial fibres: pathology in animal models. Annals Occup. Hyg. 1993; .31 :227-236. [J]
| 104.Donaldson K., Brown R.C .. Brown G.M. Respirable industrial fibres: mechanisms of pathogenicity. Review in the Lung Research Review Series .Thorax 1993; 48 :390-395. [J]
| 105.Brown GM, Donaldson K. Modulation of quartz toxicity by aluminium. in Silica and silica-induced lung diseases. Ed. Castranova V, Vallyathan V, Wallace WE. CRC Press 1995; 299-304. [J]
