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The pathogenicity of Aujeszky's disease virus for experimentally infected chickens, mice and rats.

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RamachandranSP_1971redux.pdf (48.12Mb)
Date
1971
Author
Ramachandran, Sakkubai Paturi
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Abstract
 
 
Aujeszky's disease virus was pathogenic for developing fowl embryos, young chicks, mice and rats. It induced cytopathic effects on kidney cell cultures derived from different species of mammals, on fibroblasts from fowl embryos and on kidney cells prepared from chickens of different ages.
 
In experimentally infected chickens, the mean duration of clinical disease was significantly influenced by the route of infection; the intracerebral route being the most effective. Chickens infected intranasally, intraocularly or intraderma1ly survived longer than those infected intramuscularly or subcutaneously. In general, the mortality pattern was significantly related to the age of the birds at the time of infection, the route of infection and the dose of virus injected. The results of experiments in chickens of different ages infected intracerebrally, intramuscularly or subcutaneously with different doses of either the McFerran, Hungarian or Weybridge strain of virus, clearlyshowed that the relationship between the percentage of deaths and the age at the time of infection was inverse, linear or curvilinear and significant, and that the influence of age on the mortalities was independent of the dose of virus and the route of infection.
 
Deaths in chickens due to the introduction of Aujeszky's virus by different peripheral routes were always associated with the presence of virus in the brain. The virus titres were influenced neither by the age of the chickens at the time of infection nor by the dose of virus injected; but the rate of replication of the virus in the brain was related to the age at which the chickens were infected. Likewise, the mean duration of viraemia in the infected chickens was inversely- related to age. Virus distribution in the different tissues of experimentally infected chickens depended on the strain of virus used. Intracerebral or intramuscular infection of chicks less than 24 hours old with the Hungarian strain of virus resulted in virus dissemination in the heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidney as well as in the brain and spinal cord. On the other hand, in chicks of similar ages infected with the McFerran strain, the virus was rarely detected in these tissues although, in intramuscularly infected birds, the virus was frequently present in the muscle tissue at the sites of inoculation and in the spinal cord.
 
In chickens surviving intracerebral, intramuscular or subcutaneous infection with Aujeszky's virus, resistance to intracerebral challenge infection was not conditioned by the age of the birds at the time of the first inoculation but was directly and significantly related to the amount of virus contained in the primary inocula. Specific resistance to intracerebral challenge developed as early as the fourth day after primary infection. Recovery from experimental infection was accompanied by the development of humoral virus neutralising antibodies, the titres of which were significantly higher in chickens receiving two or more doses of live virus than in those inoculated with inactivated virus.
 
In general, the symptoms in infected rodents were of a varied nature but were more pronounced in rats than in mice. The chief clinical hallmark of experimental Aujeszky's infection in both species was hyperaesthesia of the skin. In infected mice and rats, the mean incubation periods ranged from 28 to 83 hours, the shortest being that induced by intracerebral infection. Rats and mice were equally susceptible to experimental Aujeszky's virus infection.
 
Virus was present in.the brain of all mice and rats dying of experimental Aujeszky's disease, but there were differences in the distribution of virus in the parenchymatous organs. These differences were related to the routes of infection. As with chickens, exposure of rats and mice to Aujeszky's virus resulted in some resistance to challenge infection, but the degree of resistance was not absolute.
 
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30668
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