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Studies in the morphogenesis of the mandible

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MatthewsGP_1936redux.pdf (23.21Mb)
Date
1936
Author
Matthews, George P.
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Abstract
 
 
The development of the human mandible is proceeded by the formation of Meckel's Cartilage within the substance of the mandibular arch. This hyaline cartilaginous rod is in relationship dorsally with the primordium of the malleus. It commences development in 12 m.m. stage is chondrified cornpletely at the 30 m.m. stage and the two sides unite together' at the symphysis. The primary and only centre of ossification of the mandible is present in the 17 m.m. stage. It is situated within the fork formed by the incisive and mental branches of the inferior dental nerve, when first formed it lies as a delicate lamella of membrane bone vertically placed on the lateral aspect of Meckel's Cartilage. From this centre a lamella of membrane bone develops which extends from the region of the symphysis to that of the dorsal tip of Condyloid process, recognized in 37 m.m. stage. The inner alveolar wall is formed as an ingrowth of bone from this original lamella lying on the lateral aspect of Meckel's Cartilage. The flattened and expanded ventral extremity of Meckel's Cartilages are invaded by bone at two points in the 44 m.m. stage, this process of endochrondral ossification is by direct extension from the adjacent membrane bone. By further ossification the whole of that portion of Meckel's Cartilage lying ventral to the mental foramina is incorporated within the sub- stance of the mandible. That part of Meckel's Cartilage lying dorsal to the mental foramen is not ossified, it atrophies and disappears, it is not enclosed or incorporated within the bone of the mandible. At the 44 m.m. stage a strip of hyaline cartilage develops on the superior edge condyloid process it persists for some time and is later ossified from the adjacent bone. At 82 m.m. stage an additional strip of hyaline cartilage develops along the anterior border of the coronoid process. This Cartilage is also ossified directly from the adjacent bone. At the 95 m.m. stage islands of cartilage in the appearance of nodules and strips are seen close to the symphysis mostly on the inner, lower and superior aspects of the internal alveolar wall. These are regarded as the hypertrophied remnants of the ventrally expanded portion of Meckel's Cartilage. They are later ossified directly from the adjacent bone. The human mandible is a compound bone each half of which has developed from a single centre of ossification. All the morphological characteristics of the adult bone is presented in definitive form by the mandible from a 200 m.m. human foetus.
 
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/35170
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