Risk factors for psychological insult following deployment to Operation Enduring Freedom or Operation Iraqi Freedom among veterans: A systematic review A cross-sectional study investigating the impact of disease activity and disease related cognitions on adjustment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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Date
01/12/2017Author
Thomas, Angela
Seaman, Angela
Metadata
Abstract
Risk factors for psychological insult following deployment to Operation Enduring
Freedom or Operation Iraqi Freedom among veterans: A systematic review
The systematic review aimed to establish more clearly the risk factors for mental
health problems in the veteran population. Five databases were searched. Included
studies (n = 10) required that veterans served in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)
and/ or Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and included risk factors of mental health
problems among the veteran population. Data from included studies were extracted
and critically appraised based on critical appraisal tools following a narrative
approach to synthesise data. All of the studies reviewed identified risk factors,
although due to their heterogeneous nature key findings varied considerably.
However, it was consistently reported that combat exposure and deployment
experiences were associated with emergence of post operational mental health
problems. The current review provides preliminary evidence that there are a number
of specific risk factors that may increase susceptibility to mental health problems
subsequent to military deployment. It is suggested that interventions are needed in
order to mitigate risk factors and bolster protective factors.
A cross-sectional study investigating the impact of disease activity and disease
related cognitions on adjustment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
The research journal aimed to investigate the degree to which psychological illness
related cognitions will mediate the effect of disease activity on Quality of Life (QoL).
In addition, to assess the impact of disease activity, and several psychological factors,
in several adjustments outcomes in IBD to see whether the adjustment variables are
significant predictors of multiple outcomes. Mediation was used followed by an
exploratory cross-sectional correlational design. Three hundred and thirty eight
participants were recruited through an IBD charity and invited to respond to a self-report
questionnaire online. Measures targeted different aspects of the IBD profile
to give an indication of adjustment associated with IBD diagnosis, psychological
factors and Quality of Life (QoL). Mediation analysis found support for significant
indirect effects on the relationship between disease activity and QoL through
Gastrointestinal (GI) anxiety, perceived disability and illness representations. The
subsidiary analysis indicated that pain catastrophising, disease activity, stigma, illness
representations and GI anxiety were found to be significant predictors of adjustment
in IBD. The results indicate that there is an important relationship with the
adjustment factors, QoL, and psychological functioning. In addition, stress,
depression, anxiety and QoL were found to be predicted by the adjustment factors.
The current study has provided insight into psychological factors and adjustment
indicators from a multi-faceted perspective, which will facilitate advancement of
managing IBD from a biopsychosocial framework with a view to enable more
effective disease management.
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