Removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in water recycling process using reverse osmosis systems
dc.contributor.author
Al-Rifai, Jawad H.
en
dc.contributor.author
Khabbazb, Hadi
en
dc.contributor.author
Schäfer, Andrea
en
dc.date.accessioned
2011-01-19T16:14:25Z
dc.date.available
2011-01-19T16:14:25Z
dc.date.issued
2011
dc.description.abstract
A detailed investigation was carried out to evaluate the occurrence, persistence and fate of a range of
micropollutants at different processing points at a full-scale water recycling plant (WRP) in
Queensland, Australia. The WRP, which combines an advanced water treatment plant (AWTP) with a
wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), produces high quality recycled water for industrial users. The
concentrations of 11 pharmaceuticals from various therapeutic categories and two endocrine disrupting
chemicals were examined in full-scale microfiltration and reverse osmosis membrane facilities.
Salicylic acid was the most abundant analyte in the WWTP influent, with a concentration range of 11
to 38 μg/L, followed by bisphenol A with concentrations ranging from 6 to 23 μg/L. The concentration
of all analytes decreased on average by one order of magnitude following primary and secondary
treatment. Gemfibrozil, primidone and carbamazepine were found to have lower removal efficiencies
(74-78%) than other compounds during these stages, which could indicate lower biodegradability. The
microfiltration and reverse osmosis systems were found to further lower the pollutant concentrations by
an order of magnitude. The overall removal efficiencies in the final recycled water were above 97 %,
resulting in product water concentrations of lower than 0.1 μg/L for most compounds. An exception to
this finding was observed for bisphenol A, which was detected in concentrations up to 0.5 μg/L in the
final recycled water.
en
dc.identifier.citation
Al-Rifai, J. ; Khabbaz, H. ; Schäfer, A.I. (2011) Removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in water recycling process using reverse osmosis systems, Separation and Purification Technology, 77, 60–67.
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4666
dc.language.iso
en
dc.publisher
Elsevier
en
dc.subject
micropollutants
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dc.subject
microfiltration
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dc.subject
reverse osmosis
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dc.title
Removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in water recycling process using reverse osmosis systems
en
dc.type
Article
en
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