Changing Peacemaking Practice: PA-X Key Findings

Abstract

more fragmented, and increasingly internationalised. Since 1990, there have been over 2,200 formal, written, publicly available peace agreements across more than 180 peace processes. Most relate to conflicts within states, but the landscape of peacemaking has changed: 1. formal, structured peace processes are no longer the norm; 2. agreements are shorter and less ambitious - fewer human rights and democratic transition provisions; and, 3. contemporary peacemaking increasingly operates through fragmented and “multimediation” environments involving multiple actors, tracks, and negotiation spaces.