Renewable energy optimal dispatch modelling incorporating energy storage systems to deliver cost-effective decarbonisation in an emerging economy such as Mexico

Abstract

This thesis addresses the challenge of integrating variable renewable energy sources into the Mexican electricity network, focusing on the strategic use of energy storage systems to optimize dispatch cost and reduce carbon emissions. It demonstrates through an optimal dispatch model that strategic placement of these storage solutions can reduce electricity dispatch costs by 2% and lower carbon emissions by approximately 5%. This research develops and applies a model that optimizes the dispatch of electricity, incorporating energy storage technologies at key nodes within Mexico's electricity grid. The model's outcomes suggest that with the appropriate policy and infrastructure adjustments, energy storage can play a key role in enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of the national electricity system.

Furthermore, the thesis employs Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a tool to evaluate the carbon intensity of new energy storage technologies, providing a complete understanding of their environmental impacts from production to disposal. This analysis is important for identifying the most sustainable energy storage solutions, specifically analyzing a heat storage device, to apply the learning on how efficient operation of storage devices (heat) can lead to optimal integration of BESS (electrical).

The findings from this research are used to advocate for targeted policy changes in Mexico, aimed at facilitating the development and integration of new energy storage technologies. By highlighting the benefits of cost reduction, decreased carbon emissions and energy security, the thesis clarifies the importance of policy support in overcoming the technical and economic barriers to deploying energy storage systems. The recommendations offered are intended to guide policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers in fostering an energy landscape that is both economically viable and environmentally responsible, marking a significant step towards achieving Mexico's sustainability goals.